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Experiential Learning


                         #Number System

                 Find out more about the numeral system in different states of India. Write it in your notebook and type it in
                 a Word document as well.

                                                                                                             #Activity


              Decimal Number System

              The decimal number system is a standard number system for denoting numbers. It consists of ten digits
              from 0 to 9. Only these digits can be used to represent numeric value in decimal number system. Hence, the
              base of decimal number system is 10. The decimal number system is the most widely used number system.
              The value represented by individual digit depends on the weight and position of the digit in the number.
              The position of the first digit to the left of the decimal point is considered 0. The position of the second
              digit to the left of the decimal point is considered 1, and so on. The position of the first digit to the right
              of the decimal point is considered -1. The position of the second digit to the right of the decimal point
              is considered –2, and so on.
              In a decimal number system, each digit's value is determined by multiplying the digit itself by the weight
              of its position within the number, and then summing up the results. This method is known as expansion
              method. The right-most digit of the number has the lowest weight. This digit is called Least Significant
              Digit (LSD). The left-most digit of a number has the highest weight. This digit is called Most Significant Digit
              (MSD). For example, in the number 724, the most significant digit is 7, and the least significant digit is 4.

              The given table shows positional weight of decimal number (724) .
                                                                                 10

                                                         Hundereds             Tens              Units
                        Weights                              10 2               10 1              10 0

                        Real Value of each digit            7 × 10 2          2 × 10 1          4 × 10 0
                        Result                               700                20                 4

              Binary Number System


              A computer is a machine made up of transistors, switches and other electronic components. All these electronic
              components are in two mutually exclusive states, either ON or OFF. The two binary digits represent these two
              states. Every instruction given to a computer is converted into 0’s and 1’s so that it can be understood and
              implemented by the computer. Binary language is therefore known as the machine language.
              The word 'binary' comes from 'Bi' meaning two. We see 'bi' in words such as ‘bicycle‘ (two wheels) or
              ‘binocular’ (two eyes).
                                                                       Name     Size (bits)         Examples
              A binary number is made up of only 0s and 1s.
                                                                      Bit            1       Single digit either 0 or 1
              Example of Binary Number: 110100                        Nibble         4       Group of 4 digits
              There is no 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 in Binary!         Byte           8       Group of 8 digits

                                                                      Word          16       Group of 16 digits



                  12  Plus (Ver. 4.0)-VII
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