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04          FORMULAS AND



                                                        FUNCTIONS IN

                                                                 EXCEL                                                      FORMULAS AND FUNCTIONS IN EXCEL






                                                                              Learning Objectives
                                                                              •  Types of Data in Excel
                                                                              •  Different Ways to Enter a Formula
                                                                              •  Understanding Cell Range
                                                                              •  Cell Referencing in Formulas and its Types
                                                                              •  References to Other Worksheets
                                                                              •  Customise Worksheet Tab
                                                                               •  Functions
                                                                                                                          45

                                 We use values in formulas to get the desired result.




                                 Yes, you can use cell address instead of giving direct value to the formulas.

                                You can add a formula in different ways in an Excel worksheet. Excel 2016
                                also provides some built-in formulas. Let's learn about them in detail.


                 Excel is one of the most useful programs and can provide us a wide range of tools to work
                 with data. In this chapter, you will learn how to use formulas in Excel.



                    Types of Data in Excel


                 In Excel, there are three different types of data that you can enter in a spreadsheet.
                 These are:

                    Labels: A label  is an important entry in Excel.  The  label

                   is  used  to  define  the  information  on  the  spreadsheet,  i.e.,
                   headings of columns, titles and names. It is any text besides

                   phone numbers, numbers, formulas, etc. We do not do any
                   mathematical calculations on labels. Labels are aligned to the left side of a cell.

                    Values  or  Numbers: Values are numeric data on which mathematical calculations are
                   performed. This type of data includes characters 0–9. The numbers are always aligned

                   to the right side of the cell.
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