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08

                                                     PROBLEM SOLVING

                                                   AND PROGRAMMING
                                                             LANGUAGES

           Prime (Ver. 2.2)-VI                                               Learning Objectives





                                                                              •  Algorithm
                                                                              •  Characteristics of a Good Algorithm
                                                                              •  Uses of an Algorithm
                                                                              •  Writing an Algorithm
                                                                              •  Defining Flowcharts
                                                                              •  Solving Problems using Algorithms and Flowcharts
                                                                              •  Computer Languages

                                                                              •  Working of Language Translators
          114                     As we communicate with each other           •  Language Translator
                                 through  a  language.  Can computer
                                 understand our language?

                                  No, computer cannot understand our language because it works on binary digits

                                 (0's and 1's). Before learning about computer languages let's first learn how
                                 computer problems are solved.


                  All humans communicate with each other using a language that has many words and tones.
                  Computers  communicate  and understand  only '1' and  '0'. We  give instructions  to the
                  computer in our language but it first converts it into 0 and 1 and then works according to

                  our instructions. Let's know more about all this.

                  In our daily life, we have to solve various problems by using different strategies. These
                  strategies are called  problem-solving techniques. A problem-solving technique is a
                  collection of sequential steps to solve a problem. In the same way, programmers also use

                  different  types  of techniques to solve the problems related  to programming. Some of
                  these techniques are algorithms and flowcharts.



                    Algorithm

                  We  know  that a program is a collection of instructions.  The  language  used to write  a

                  program is called a programming language. Before writing a program on the computer, every
                  programmer must analyse the problem and write an algorithm to solve the problem.

                  An algorithm is a set of steps in a sequential manner to solve a problem or to complete a
                  task. The problem can be logical or mathematical.
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