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04 FORMULAS AND
FUNCTIONS IN
EXCEL FORMULAS AND FUNCTIONS IN EXCEL
Learning Objectives
• Types of Data in Excel
• Different Ways to Enter a Formula
• Understanding Cell Range
• Cell Referencing in Formulas and its Types
• References to Other Worksheets
• Customise Worksheet Tab
• Functions
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We use values in formulas to get the desired result.
Yes, you can use cell address instead of giving direct value to the formulas.
You can add a formula in different ways in an Excel worksheet. Excel 2016
also provides some built-in formulas. Let's learn about them in detail.
Excel is one of the most useful programs and can provide us a wide range of tools to work
with data. In this chapter, you will learn how to use formulas in Excel.
Types of Data in Excel
In Excel, there are three different types of data that you can enter in a spreadsheet.
These are:
Labels: A label is an important entry in Excel. The label
is used to define the information on the spreadsheet, i.e.,
headings of columns, titles and names. It is any text besides
phone numbers, numbers, formulas, etc. We do not do any
mathematical calculations on labels. Labels are aligned to the left side of a cell.
Values or Numbers: Values are numeric data on which mathematical calculations are
performed. This type of data includes characters 0–9. The numbers are always aligned
to the right side of the cell.

