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B. Fill in the blanks.
1. ................................. are those substances that get decomposed or get decayed on their own by using natural
agents and get mixed in the soil.
2. ................................. include the sources of energy that can be reused or regenerated.
3. Recycling and reusing elements and products is a step towards ................................. of natural resources.
4. ................................. leads to soil erosion, landslide, noise pollution and contamination of surface and groundwater
due to the chemicals released during the extraction process.
5. ................................. is a framework in which people live together by maintaining common implied rules and ethics
for a peaceful and prosperous living.
Ans. 1. Biodegradable substances 2. Renewable resources 3. conservation
4. Mining 5. Society
Section B
(Subjective Type Questions)
A. Answer the following questions:
1. Write a short note on ecosystem.
Ans. Ecosystem can be defined as a component of the environment, where all kinds of living beings (plants, animals,
microbes) live together and complete their requirements by their own demand supply chain mechanism. The
ecosystem consists of producers, consumers and decomposers. It includes all the living things which are living
together on the Earth and help each other complete the life cycle of the environment.
2. What are the sources of pollution CBSE Handbook
Ans. Poisonous gases emitted from factories vehicles, chemicals garbage dumped in the waterbodies, excessive
sound of vehicles, etc. Noise pollution is caused due to the sound generated by industrial and constructional
activities, factory equipment, generators, electric saws, drills and other machinery.
3. Write any three actions which you can take to conserve energy. CBSE Handbook
Ans. i. Use alternative sources of energy.
ii. Implement government policies in order to safeguard our natural resources.
iii. Recycle and reuse elements and products.
4. Explain the harmful effects of plastic.
Ans. Plastics are non-biodegradable polymers that don’t get decayed on their own and with the passage of time, various
layers are formed which get covered with eroded soil, mud, sand, etc. Due to their deposition, natural rainwater
doesn t percolate through the soil and the water table underground is depleting. It is one of the major causes of
water crisis. Due to the deposition of plastic under the soil, the land is becoming barren as plastic makes an opaque
connection between soil and the germinating seed.
On burning plastic, it releases some harmful gases that contain some carcinogenic components (i.e.,-cancer-
causing chemicals). It can cause lung cancer, blood cancer, etc. It is not only affecting our present generation
but can have a bad impact on our future generation by becoming a reason for congenital disease in kids (kids
with birth defects).
Heating food in plastic containers emits plastic granules due to its low melting point causes some hazardous
chemical change to the food which is risky for our health.
5. Define green consumer.
Ans. A person who avoids environmental degradation or destruction for his comfort and chooses to purchase only
environment-friendly products is known as a green consumer.
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