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The server is usually a computer of high configuration i.e., with a large storage capacity and high-speed
processor that stores data and executes the instruction very fast.
Web server is responsible for accepting requests from the client, i.e., web browser and responding in the form
of web pages. It accepts connections from web browsers all over the Internet and when requested sends them
HTML documents using the HTTP protocol. The server computer should have a high-speed internet connection
and should be powerful enough to handle multiple simultaneous connections at a time.
Some popular web servers are Apache, IBM Lotus, Internet Information Server (IIS) of Microsoft, etc. Apache
is an open-source web server. A web client is the host computer that requests different types of services from
the web server. The clients may be PCs, Software or workstations.
World Wide Web (WWW)
The ‘World Wide Web’ is a framework for accessing the linked documents spread over millions of computing
devices over the Internet.
WWW was introduced in 1989 by the English Physicist, Sir Tim Berners Lee. The web creators wanted to create
a simple way to provide and access different types of documents on the network, without having to search
through indexes or directories of files or without copying documents from one computer to another before
viewing them. To do so, they established a way to ‘link’ documents that were stored in different locations on
different computers on the network but under a single frame and thus, WWW evolved.
The World Wide Web (WWW) is a service of information in a combination of text, photographs, graphics,
audio, video, etc. that are presented on the Internet.
It allows the multimedia and hypertext files to be displayed and linked on the internet. Before WWW, the
internet was mainly used for obtaining textual information. Due to its distinct features, the popularity of
WWW is increasing day by day.
Protocol
A protocol is a convention or standard that regulates the operation and transference of data between two
computers. It can be defined as the set of rules governing the syntax, semantics and synchronization of
communication. Protocols may be applied by hardware, software or a combination of the two.
The primary protocol of the internet is TCP/IP protocol which stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol. TCP is responsible for connection-oriented transmission and IP is responsible for connectionless
transmission that represents the logical address of the host machine, for example http:// for accessing HTML
documents, https:// for accessing some ‘secure’ HTML documents.
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
It identifies the location of a website or a web page on the Internet. Each web page has a unique address
called a UR that identifies its location on the Internet. Web browsers utilizes the UR to open or retrieve files
on a Internet. The format of a URL consists of different parts.
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