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B.  Fill in the blanks.
                     1.  ................................. are those substances that get decomposed or get decayed on their own by using natural
                       agents and get mixed in the soil.
                     2.  ................................. include the sources of energy that can be reused or regenerated.
                     3.  Recycling and reusing elements and products is a step towards ................................. of natural resources.

                     4.  ................................. leads to soil erosion, landslide, noise pollution and contamination of surface and groundwater
                       due to the chemicals released during the extraction process.

                     5.  ................................. is a framework in which people live together by maintaining common implied rules and ethics
                       for a peaceful and prosperous living.

                     Ans.  1. Biodegradable substances        2. Renewable resources         3. conservation

                          4. Mining                           5. Society


                                                                Section B
                                                        (Subjective Type Questions)

                 A.  Answer the following questions:

                      1.  Write a short note on ecosystem.
                    Ans.  Ecosystem can be defined as a component of the environment, where all kinds of living beings (plants, animals,
                        microbes) live together and complete their requirements by their own demand supply chain mechanism. The
                        ecosystem consists of producers, consumers and decomposers. It includes all the living things which are living
                        together on the Earth and help each other complete the life cycle of the environment.
                      2.  What are the sources of pollution                                                CBSE Handbook
                    Ans.  Poisonous gases emitted from factories   vehicles, chemicals   garbage dumped in the waterbodies, excessive
                        sound of vehicles, etc. Noise pollution is caused due to the sound generated by industrial and constructional
                        activities, factory equipment, generators, electric saws, drills and other machinery.

                      3.  Write any three actions which you can take to conserve energy.                   CBSE Handbook
                    Ans.  i.  Use alternative sources of energy.
                        ii. Implement government policies in order to safeguard our natural resources.
                        iii. Recycle and reuse elements and products.
                      4.  Explain the harmful effects of plastic.
                    Ans. Plastics are non-biodegradable polymers that don’t get decayed on their own and with the passage of time, various
                        layers are formed which get covered with eroded soil, mud, sand, etc. Due to their deposition, natural rainwater
                        doesn t percolate through the soil and the water table underground is depleting. It is one of the major causes of
                        water crisis. Due to the deposition of plastic under the soil, the land is becoming barren as plastic makes an opaque
                        connection between soil and the germinating seed.
                          On burning plastic, it releases some harmful gases that contain some carcinogenic components (i.e.,-cancer-
                          causing chemicals). It can cause lung cancer, blood cancer, etc. It is not only affecting our present generation
                          but can have a bad impact on our future generation by becoming a reason for congenital disease in kids (kids
                          with birth defects).

                          Heating food in plastic containers emits plastic granules due to its low melting point   causes some hazardous
                          chemical change to the food which is risky for our health.
                      5.  Define green consumer.
                    Ans.  A person who avoids environmental degradation or destruction for his comfort and chooses to purchase only
                        environment-friendly products is known as a green consumer.



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