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UNIT Database
3 Management System
Topics Covered 95%
Database Elements of a Database
Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Steps to Create a Table
Data Types in Database Database Objects
Inserting a New Record in a Table Referential Integrity
What are Relationships? What is a Query?
Steps for Creating Queries Structured Query Language(SQL)
What is a Form? What is a Report?
Data is a collection of values in the form of text, numbers, dates, images, audio, video, etc. Some of the examples of
data are name, age, address of a student, amount and price of an item bought from the market. This collection of
related data arranged in the form of rows and columns will form structured data.
The structured data can be of any two types, which are as follows:
• Flat file: It stores data in a plain text format. Though the data is in the form of rows and columns, data constraints
cannot be applied and there are chances of data redundancy. For example: data created using tabs or commas in
Word, csv file, Spreadsheet file, etc.
• Relational File: It stores data of different data types like text, number, date in the form of rows and columns to form
a table. These tables are linked through a common field, so there are no chances of duplicate data.
DATABASE
We are using a database in almost every field. It is used by the school to store information about students and books
in the library. When we go shopping then the shopping complex uses a database to maintain the details of stock and
customers. Companies use databases to keep track of their employees' information. In almost every field, we are
directly or indirectly using a database.
To store and manage the data in a database electronically we use a Database Management System software. Some of
the commonly used Database software are as follows:
• Oracle • MySql • SQL Server • MongoDB
• Microsoft Access • FileMaker Pro • dBase • OpenOffice Base
OpenOffice Base is an open source RDBMS. In this unit, we will learn Database concepts using OpenOffice Base.
Advantages of Database
Some advantages of database are as follows:
• Reduces Data Redundancy: Data Redundancy means keeping multiple copies of the same data in a System. Using
DBMS the data in tables are interlinked through a common column to avoid duplicate entries. Data constraints are
applied to store data based on a criteria.
Database Management System 263

