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P. 120
UNIT
5 Green Skills-I
Topics Covered 95%
Environment Ecosystem
Relationship Between Society and Environment Natural Resources
Natural Resources Conservation Saving Environment using 3R'S
Factors Causing Environment Imbalance Green Economy
Green Skills Green Projects in India
An Environment is our surrounding consisting of living and non-living components around us. A balance in the
environment is essential for the existence of a healthy life on this earth. Humans constantly interact with it in direct
or indirect ways. Sometimes this interaction is biased and disturbs the balance of this mother earth resulting in the
changes that affect all. We all need to understand its importance and work in the direction of saving it from all possible
ways of destruction. In this chapter, we will learn some important facts about our environment and its relationship
with the society.
ENVIRONMENT
'Environment' word is derived from the French word 'Environia' which means “to surround”. In simple terms, it refers
to our surrounding consisting of physical, chemical and biological elements that maintain a balance between the
living and non-living components. It also impacts the growth and development of any life in the surrounding. Our
environment is classified into two basic categories:
Natural Environment
When all living and non-living elements occur naturally in our surroundings and affect a life in its natural ways by
encompassing interaction of all living species and natural resources, it forms our natural environment. Plants and
animals living on land, in air or water form our natural environment. Natural Environment is made up of two important
components:
• Abiotic: It is the non-living component of our ecosystem. There are five important abiotic factors: sunlight/
temperature, soil, minerals, wind/air and water.
• Biotic: It is the living component of our ecosystem. For example, living organisms like plants and animals.
Man-Made Environment
It is the environment created by humans to create an atmosphere comfortable for him to interact and adjust to
the natural environment. For example, permanent human settlements like villages, towns, cities, transport and
communication facilities, factories, dams, etc.
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