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B.  Long answer type questions:

            1.  Discuss any three impacts of ICT in personal life.
          Ans.   Impacts of ICT in our personal life are:
              •  Shopping: Our shopping habits have changed because of the online medium. Instead of going to market, we can receive
                everything at our doorstep with online shopping. It not only saves our effort of going out but also provides us with
                options of reasonable prices.
              •  Communication: ICT helps us to communicate to our friends and relatives. There are more and more ways to talk to
                people without meeting them. For example through email, video conferencing, video calls, etc.
              •  Entertainment: Till now television was the only way of home entertainment. The trend has changed tremendously.
                Nowadays there’s a parallel entertainment industry that is producing entertainment programs for online mediums.
                There are series and movies that are launched online only.
            2.  Define any two ICT tools.
          Ans.   Following are the tools of ICT:
              •  Computers: The most appropriate ICT tool is a computer. It’s an electronic device that accepts an input, processes it
                and returns a desired output. More than a luxury it has become a necessity. Its need is felt by people in all walks of life.
              •  Internet and  Emails: New ways of information  and  communication.  The Internet is  an unending  medium  where
                information at all possible topics is available. Electronic mails (Emails) have added speed to communication. A message
                can be conveyed instantly and you have the privilege to be connected all the times.
            3.  What are the four basic operations of computers?
          Ans.  Computer performs four basic operations:
              •  Input (Raw Data): It is the collection of raw facts or figures in the form of text, numbers, graphs, etc. Also called raw data
                or unprocessed data. Provided to the computer using Input devices like keyboard, mouse, scanner etc.
              •  Process: It is the methods used to convert raw data into meaningful information. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) of
                the computer is responsible for processing of data.
              •  Output (Information): It is the processed data which has been manipulated and arranged in the form the user wants. It is also
                called meaningful data or Information. Given to the user through output devices like monitor, Printer, Plotter, Speaker etc.
              •  Storage: It is storing either raw data or processed information. Stored either using secondary storage devices like Flash
                drive, Hard disk, Compact Disk or online storage medium like Google cloud, etc.

            4.   Explain the different parts of the CPU.
          Ans.  CPU is basically divided into three parts:
              •  ALU stands for Arithmetic Logic Unit. It is responsible for all mathematical and logical calculations.
              •  CU stands for Control Unit. It controls the flow of information in the system. The control unit is responsible for the flow of
                data from input devices to the process unit and then to the output devices. It works like a traffic policeman who controls
                the traffic on the road.
              •  MU stands for Memory Unit. It is a storage unit that holds the processed or unprocessed data.
            5.   Define OS. Give examples of operating systems.
          Ans.  An operating system is system software which acts as an interface between the user and the computer. It is an important
              component of a computer system which controls all other components of the computer system. It helps us to communicate
              with the computer without knowing its language. Without an Operating System the computer is of no use. Some of the
              commonly used Operating systems are Windows, DOS, UNIX, etc.
            6.   Differentiate between UNIX and DOS.
          Ans.                    UNIX                                          DOS
               It is one of the oldest, reliable and powerful Operating  After Unix, DOS is one of the most commonly used operating
               systems developed at AT&T’s Bell Laboratories in the  System written originally by Tim Patterson.
               early 1970’s.
               It supports multiuser and multitasking.    It is a single-user operating system.



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