Page 10 - Trackpad_V1_Book 7_Flipbook
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DATA REPRESENTATION
The smallest piece of data that can be recognised and used by the computer is known as the
bit or binary digit. A bit is a single binary value i.e., 1 or 0. A computer is an electronic device
that has two states: On and Off. These two states of
the computer are represented by two digits: 1 and
0. Here, 1 represents the electronic state On, and 0 Founder of zero
represents the electronic state Off.
NUMBER SYSTEMS
A number system is a way to express quantities used for counting, comparing amounts,
performing calculations and representing values. A computer represents all kinds of data and
information like text, numbers, audio and video in binary form. The total number of digits used
in a number system is called its base or radix. There are four types of number systems: Binary
number system, Decimal number system, Octal number system and Hexadecimal number
system.
PURE The numerical digits, 1, 2, ..... ,9 are based on the Hindu-Arabic numeral system
FACT developed over 1000 years ago.
DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM
A number system made up of 10 digits from 0 to 9, is known as decimal number system. The
base of the decimal number system is 10. It is also known as the base-10 system.
In the decimal number system, the position of the first digit towards the left side of the decimal
point is 0. The position of the second digit towards the left side of the decimal point is 1. Similarly,
the position of first digit towards the right side of the decimal point is –1. The position of the second
digit towards the right side of the decimal point is –2, and so on.
In simple words, the successive position to the left of the decimal point represents units, tens,
hundreds, thousands, and so on.
The value of a number is determined by multiplying the digits with the weight of their position and
adding the results. This method is known as the expansion method. The right-most digit of the
number has the lowest weight. This digit is called Least Significant Digit (LSD). The left-most digit
of a number has the highest weight. This digit is called the Most Significant Digit (MSD).
The digit 7 in the number 724 is the most significant digit and 4 is the least significant digit.
8 Trackpad (Version 1.0)-VII

