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BLOCKCHAIN


                  Blockchain refers to the system of recording information which makes it difficult or impossible
                  to change, hack, or cheat the system. Every business runs on information, and blockchain is a
                  shared ledger on which we record transactions and track assets (tangible or intangible) in a
                  business network. Tangible assets include houses, cars, cash, lands, etc. and non-tangible assets
                  include intellectual property, patents, copyrights, branding, etc.

                  It is a digital ledger of transactions that is duplicated and distributed across the entire network
                  of computers on the blockchain. Each block in a chain may contain the record of the number of
                  transactions made and the occurrence of new transactions. This record of every transaction is
                  updated and added to the participant’s ledger. Anything that carries value can be recorded and
                  tracked and can be traded on a blockchain network.




                            ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE


                  You have already read about artificial intelligence in earlier classes. AI is the branch of computer
                  science that aims at creating expert and intelligent computer systems which simulate certain
                  human qualities such as learning, reasoning, communicating, seeing, hearing, and sensation. So,
                  AI is used to create intelligent machines that help us. AI is a part of almost everything we use
                  today such as smartphones, cars and banks. Some main areas of application of AI are:

                        Expert System: It can be defined as a communicating
                                                                                                      User
                      computer program that can solve problems which                                 Interface
                      would  otherwise  require human  assistance.  These                                      User (not
                      programs replicate the reasoning process of experts                            Inference   an expert)
                                                                                                     engine
                      in certain  areas. For example,  PROSPECTOR was
                      the first expert system that analysed geological data                         Knowledge
                                                                                                      base
                      to identify and locate mineral deposits.                  Human    Knowledge
                                                                                 expert   engineer
                                                                                                 Expert system

                                                   Natural Language Processing: It is the study of methods by which
                                                  computers  can recognize and understand  spoken  or written
                                                  human language. Speech recognition software are examples of

                   Natural language processing    NLP where computers translate spoken speech into text.
                      Intelligent  Agents: It is a type  of computer  program that  has
                      built-in  intelligence  which  keeps  a check on the work patterns,
                      asks questions and performs tasks on the behalf of the user. The
                      simplest example of intelligent agents is surfing the Internet. What
                      happens when we search for something on the Internet?
                                                                                                   Intelligent agents



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